Topic Ten: Expressing Future Plans And Activities - English Form One Notes

 


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Future exists in different forms


(1) Intention - necessity -shall


(2) Probability - possibility -will


Common adverb

Tomorrow, next


How to form future?

Subject + shall/will + be + main clause


Examples:

It will be there tomorrow


Subject + will + be + clause


When we want to talk about things what we shall do tomorrow, next week, next month we use words like


- Going to


- Shall


- Will


Examples:

Tomorrow I’m going to write my mother a letter.


She will tell you something good tomorrow


We shall visit you next month


Going to, will and shall show future tense.


Future continues activities


Subject + will or shall + (be) + verb ........ing + clause


Examples

You will be leaving the school at 4:30pm


We shall be singing in the church choir


Be going to + verb

Use this to talk about activities you planned before.


Remember to change “be” to the correct form for the subject:


I am going to play tennis tomorrow.


You are going to see your cousin next week.


He / She is going to get married in September.


We are going to have a party this weekend.


They are going to save up for a new car.


Question form


As with all verbs that use the verb “to be”, change the subject and the form of the verb to make questions:


Am I going to…?


Are you going to…?


Is he / she going to…?


Are we going to…?


Are they going to…?


Short replies


Yes I am / No I’m not


Yes you are / No you aren’t (or No you’re not)


Yes he is / No he isn’t


Yes we are / No we aren’t (or No we’re not)


Yes they are / No they aren’t (or No they’re not)


Negative form


I am not going to leave my job.


You aren’t going to visit your cousin this week.


He / She isn’t going to get married.


We aren’t going to move house.


They aren’t going to study at university.


Present Continuous


We use the Present Continuous to talk about planned appointments and activities. These are the types of activities that you write in your diary, for example. We often give a time reference.


Very often, “be going to” and the Present Continuous can be used in the same situations.


I’m visiting our new office in London this afternoon. (I’m gong to visit our new office…)


You’re meeting the boss tomorrow. (You’re going to meet the boss…)


He / She is working from home next week. (He is going to work from home…)


We’re taking the train to Scotland. (We are going to take the train…)


They’re leaving later today. (They are going to leave…)


Be planning to / Be thinking of


You can use the verbs “plan” and “think” in the present continuous is to talk about activities that aren’t 100% definite.


I’m planning to study abroad next year.


We’re thinking of getting a dog.


Remember: “be planning to” is followed by the verb; “be thinking of” is followed by a gerund (ing form).


Review of “will”


We can use “will” to talk about the future and make predictions.


For example:


We won’t have enough money to buy a new house this year.”


“I think he’ll get a promotion next month.”


We can also use “will” to talk about decisions that we make at the time of speaking (NOT decisions that we plan before):


I’ll help you with your bags.” (at the moment you see someone with a heavy bag)


It is wrong to say “I’m going to help you with your bags” or “I’m helping you with your bags” in this situation.


For more information, see our page on using will.


Future Plans


Exercise


Choose the correct answer.


1. __ going to have a holiday this year?
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2. He is __ study History at University.
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3. __ to open a new supermarket here?
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4. Yes, __
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5. We __ have a holiday this year.
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6. __ a new customer later.
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7. __ this afternoon?
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8. __ by train.
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9. __ get a new job.
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10. __ moving to the USA.
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FUTURE TENSE


The future tense is used when talking about something that will happen in the future. The future is formed by using models; will, shall, and 'be going to'.


The future tense is formed with will or shall and the verb's base form to express an action or state of being that will occur.


FORMS/CATEGORIES OF FUTURE TENSE


There are four forms of Future Tense.


SIMPLE FUTURE TENSE


SIMPLE FUTURE TENSE


Positive sentences. Structure Pattern:

S + will/shall + base form of verb


I will wash my clothes


She will cook ugali


They will play football


Contracted forms: Subject + 'ill

I'll wash my clothes


She'll cook ugali


They'll play football


Negative sentences. Structural pattern: 

S + will + not + base form of verb.


I will not wash my clothes


She will not cook ugali


They will not play football


Contracted forms 1:

subject + will/shall


I'll not wash my clothes.


She'll not cook ugali.


They'll play football tomorrow.


Contracted Forms 2:

Auxiliary will+ not


won't wash my clothes


She won't cook ugali


They won't play football


Interrogative Sentences: Structural pattern: 

Will/Shall + Subject + base form of verb


Positive Interrogative Sentences. Structural pattern: 

Will/Shall + Subject + base form of verb


Will I wash my clothes?


Will Asha cook ugali?


Will they play football?


Negative Interrogative Sentences. Structural pattern: 

Won't+ Subject + base form of verb


Won't I wash my clothes?


Won't Asha cook ugali?


Won't they play football?


FUTURE CONTINUOUS TENSE


FUTURE CONTINUOUS TENSE


Positive Sentences. 


Structural pattern: 

Subject + will/shall + be + present participle

I will be washing my clothes


She will be cooking cook ugali


They will playing football


Negative Sentences: 

Structural pattern: 


Subject + will/shall + be + present participle.


I will not be washing my clothes


She will not be cooking cook ugali


They will not be playing football


Interrogative Sentences. Structural pattern: 

Will/shall + subject + be + -ing.


Positive Interrogative Sentences. Structural pattern: 

Will/shall + subject + be + -ing.


Will I be washing my clothes?


Will she be cooking cook ugali?


Will they be playing football?


Negative Interrogative Sentences. Structural pattern: 

Won't+ subject + be + -ing.


Won't I be washing my clothes?


Won't she be cooking cook ugali?


Won't they be playing football?


FUTURE PERFECT TENSE


FUTURE PERFECT TENSE


Positive Sentences. 

Structural pattern: 


Subject + will/shall + has/have + past participle


I will have washed my clothes


She will has cooked ugali/She will have cooked ugali


They will have played football


Note: 


These are mostly used with prepositions of time. Examples.


By 16.00, I will have finished my homework.


Before evening, they will have arrived.


Negative Sentences. 

Structural pattern: 


Subject + will/shall + not + has/have + past participle


I will have not washed my clothes


She will has not cooked ugali/She will have cooked ugali


They will have not played football


Interrogative Sentences. 

Structural pattern: 


Will/shall + subject + has/have + past participle.


Positive Interrogative Sentences.

Structural pattern: 


Will/shall + subject + has/have + past participle


Will I have washed my clothes?


Will she has cooked ugali/Will she have cooked ugali?


Will they have played football?


Negative Interrogative Sentences.

Structural pattern: 


Won't+ subject + has/have + past participle.


Won't I have washed my clothes?


Won't she has cooked ugali/Will she have cooked ugali?


Won't they have played football?


FUTURE PERFECT CONTINUOUS TENSE


FUTURE PERFECT


Positive Sentences: 

Structural pattern: 

Subject + will/shall + has/have + been + present participle


I will have been washing my clothes


She will has been cooking ugali/She will have been cooking ugali


They will have been playing football


Negative Sentences. 

Structural pattern: 


Subject + will/shall + not + has/have + been+ present participle


I will have not been washing my clothes


She will not has been cooking ugali/She will not have been cooking ugali


They will not have been playing football


Interrogative Sentences. 

Structural pattern: 


Will/shall/Won't + subject+ has/have + been+ past participle


Positive Interrogative Sentences.  

Structural pattern:


Won't+ subject+ has/have +been + past participle.


Will I have been washing my clothes?


Will she has been cooking ugali/Will she have been cooking ugali?


Will they have been playing football?


Negative Interrogative Sentences.

Structural pattern: 


Won't + subject + has/have + been + past participle.


Won't I have been washing my clothes?


Won't she has been cooking ugali/Will she have been cooking ugali?


Won't they have been playing football?


OTHER FUTURE TENSE USAGE


Future tense can also be expressed in other various ways:


DECISIONS, INTENTIONS AND ARRANGEMENTS

In making decisions, intentions and arrangements, the sentences in future tense express something which has been decided, intended or arranged.


I'm going home now


The people will be leaving the conference


I'm staying in tonight


We are to be patient


We are to be informed by post


Will you be staying long?


PREDICTIONS

We can also make predictions by using future tense.


That dog is going to cause problem if it's untied.


There won't be light before 6 a.m.


That player is going to be booked.


He will have had the operation by next month.


I will have had taken the vacation.


They will have been travelling for eight months by the end of May.


Teachers will have been taking teaching break by December.


(Future perfect continuous tense expressing predictions)


EXPRESSING FUTURE PLANS AND ACTIVITIES

EXPRESSING FUTURE IN THE PAST

The future action expressed in the past is the action that was about to happen but something obstructed it.


I was going to tell you about it but I failed.


I was about to tell you something when the door was knocked.


They were about to start the game but the weather changed.


The results were due to come out


The cargo was due to have arrived this morning.


OTHER WAYS OF EXPRESSING THE FUTURE

Other ways used to express future plans are introduced by some special words. The mostly used words are: due and about.


The train is due to start the journey.


The President is about to leave.


Road construction is due to start in May.


Hurry! We're about to leave.


We'll leave when the rain has stopped.


Exercise


1. Mention 4 things that you are going to do after you have finished form four


(i) ..........................


(ii) ..........................


(iii) ..........................


(iv) ..........................


(v) ..........................


2. Mention three (3) things which will happen to someone who has HIV/AIDS


(i) ..........................


(ii) ..........................


(iii) ..........................


Note:


will is used all persons in the singular and plural for example


1. I will be wait


2. I will go to the market tomorrow


Shall is sometimes use instead of will, It is used in statement in the first personal singular or plural, It shows determination or promise about future activities for example


i) We shall play hard and we shall win the game: (determination)


ii) I shall write to you as soon as i arrive in Mpwapwa (promise)

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