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General features of kingdom fungi
1. They are found in damp or wet places
2. They are eukaryotic with the cell wall made up of chitin
3. They are heterotrophs. Some are saprophytic and others are parasitic
4. They store food as glycogen
5. They reproduce using spores
Angles of concentration or Possible phylum (NECTA CSEE 2023)Kingdom Fungi: Biology Practical Preparation Towards NECTA Exams (CSEE)
Phylum basidiomycota
This phylum comprises fungi such mushroom, toadstools, puffballs, bracket fungi, rust fungi and smut fungi.
Characteristics of mushrooms
1. They grow on dead and decaying matter
2. The pileus is the cap of the mushroom containing gills
3. The gills produce basidiospores at their tips
4. The stalk (stem-like) of the mushroom is called stipe. It ensures that the pileus is well positioned above the soil for dispersal of spores
5. The hyphae anchor the mushroom and absorb nutrients from the decomposing matter
Adaptations of mushroom
1. They produce enzymes on the surface of their mycelium which help them to break complex food particles
2. Possess pileus(cap) containing special hyphae called gills
3. The gills produce basidiospores at their tips.
4. Has stipe (stem-like part) which ensures that pileus is positioned above the soil for the dispersal of spores
5. Possess hyphae that anchors mushroom on the substrate and absorb nutrients
Economic importance of basidiomycota (mushroom)
1. They are source of food to man and other species.
2. They can prevent the accumulation of dead matters by decomposing them.
3. Some of them are poisonous e.g. amanita species
4. They are used in genetic engineering and research
Observable features of basidiomycota (mushroom).
- They have gills.
- They have a ring.
- Have cap (pilleus).
- Have stalk
Habitat of basidiomycota (mushroom).
They are living on land (terrestrial) on dead and decaying organic matter.
Mode of reproduction of basidiomycota (mushroom)
They reproduce both asexually and sexually by spores formation.
Common name is Mushroom.
Scientific name of mushroom is Agaricus compestris.
Classification of mushroom to class level
| Organism | Kingdom | Phylum | Class |
| Mushroom | Fungi | Basidiomycota | Agaricomycete |