TENSE: SIMPLE PAST TENSE

TENSE: SIMPLE PAST TENSE

The Past Simple tense is sometimes called the "preterite tense". We can use several tenses and forms to talk about the past, but the Past Simple tense is the one we use most often.

In this lesson we look at the structure and use of the Past Simple tense, followed by a quiz to check your understanding.

How do we make the Past Simple tense?

There are two basic structures for the Past Simple tense:

1. Positive sentences

subject+main verb
  Past Simple

2. Negative and question sentences

subject+auxiliary do+main verb
  conjugated in Past Simple  
didbase

SIMPLE PAST TENSE

Look at these examples with the main verbs go (irregular) and work (regular):

 subjectauxiliary verb main verb 
+I  wentto school.
You  workedvery hard.
-Shedidnotgowith me.
Wedidnotworkyesterday.
?Didyou goto London?
Didthey workat home?

From the above table, notice the following points...

For positive sentences:

  • There is no auxiliary verb.
  • The main verb is conjugated in the Past Simple, invariable: -ed (or irregular)

For negative and question sentences:

The auxiliary is conjugated in the Past Simple, invariable: did

The main verb is invariable in base form: base

For negative sentences, we insert not between the auxiliary verb and main verb.

For question sentences, we exchange the subject and the auxiliary verb.

SIMPLE PAST TENSE

Emphatic did

Normally, for positive sentences we do not use the auxiliary did. But if we want to emphasize (stress) something, or contradict something, we may use it. For example: "I didn't use a spellchecker but I did use a dictionary." Here are some more examples:

"Why didn't you go to the party?" / "I did go."

It did seem a bit strange.

After drinking it I did in fact feel better.

Past Simple with main verb be

The structure of the Past Simple with the main verb be is:

subject+main verb be
  conjugated in Past Simple
was, were

Look at these examples with the main verb be:

 subjectmain verb be  
+I, he/she/itwas here.
You, we, theywere in London.
-I, he/she/itwasnotthere.
You, we, theywerenothappy.
?WasI, he/she/it right?
Wereyou, we, they late?

From the above table, notice the following points...

There is no auxiliary verb, even for questions and negatives.

The main verb (be) is conjugated in the Past Simple: was, were

For negative sentences, we insert not after the main verb.

For question sentences, we exchange the subject and the main verb.

SIMPLE PAST TENSE

How do we use the Past Simple tense?

We use the Past Simple tense to talk about an action or a situation - an event - in the past. The event can be short or long.

Here are some short events with the Past Simple:

The car exploded at 9.30am yesterday.
She went to the door.
We did not hear the telephone.
Did you see that car?
pastpresentfuture
 
  
The action is in the past.  

Here are some long events with the Past Simple tense:

lived in Bangkok for 10 years.
The Jurassic period lasted about 62 million years.
We did not sing at the concert.
Did you watch TV last night?
pastpresentfuture
 
  
The action is in the past.  

Notice that it does not matter how long ago the event is: it can be a few minutes or seconds in the past, or millions of years in the past. Also it does not matter how long the event is. It can be a few milliseconds (car explosion) or millions of years (Jurassic period).

We use the Past Simple tense when::

the event is in the past

the event is completely finished

we say (or understand) the time and/or place of the event

In general, if we say the past time or place of the event, we must use the Past Simple tense; we cannot use the present perfect.

SIMPLE PAST TENSE

Here are some more examples:

lived in that house when I was young.

He didn't like the movie.

What did you eat for dinner?

John drove to London on Monday.

Mary did not go to work yesterday.

Did you play tennis last week?

was at work yesterday.

We were not late (for the train).

Were you angry?

Note that when we tell a story, we usually use the Past Simple. We may start with the Past Continuous tense to "set the scene", but we almost always use the Past Simple tense for the action. Look at this example of the beginning of a story:

Past Simple Quiz

You can do this grammar quiz. It tests what you learned on the Past Simple page.

1. I _____ to the mall after school.

 goed
 gone
 went

2. My brother _____ a bear an hour ago.

 seen
 saw
 sees

3. _____ Mike visit his grandmother last night?

 Did
 Are
 Does

4. Alex did not _____ last weekend.

 working
 worked
 work

5. _____ Judy and Liz at last month's meeting?

 Was
 Were
 Are

SIMPLE PAST TENSE

6. We _____ not happy after the sad ending.

 were
 was
 did

7. _____ you see Jody's new dog yesterday?

 Are
 Did
 Do

8. Sorry, I ________ hear you at the door.

 wasn't
 didn't
 am not

9. I _____ English for two years.

 studying
 study
 studied

10. What _____ you eat for lunch yesterday?

 do
 did
were
Previous Post Next Post

نموذج الاتصال